摘要:針(zhen)對某水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站10kV廠(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)原(yuan)綜合保護(hu)(hu)測控(kong)裝置(zhi)電(dian)(dian)子元器件(jian)老化嚴重、自動化水(shui)(shui)平低、人機(ji)界(jie)面(mian)和軟件(jian)不夠友好、維護(hu)(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)困難(nan)等問(wen)題,為提(ti)高廠(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)系統供電(dian)(dian)的可靠性,該水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站對10kV廠(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)保護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)進行了(le)全新改造。新微(wei)機(ji)保護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)的應用(yong)(yong)(yong),保護(hu)(hu)功能全方面(mian)、操作(zuo)界(jie)面(mian)友好、運維方便(bian),提(ti)高了(le)該水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)廠(chang)(chang)廠(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)可靠運行,保障(zhang)了(le)電(dian)(dian)廠(chang)(chang)運行安全、穩定。
關鍵詞:微機保護;可靠性;水電站
0 引言
某水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)位于廣西(xi)某縣城上游15km處,是(shi)(shi)“西(xi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東送”的標志性工(gong)程(cheng),是(shi)(shi)西(xi)部大(da)開發(fa)的著(zhu)重(zhong)工(gong)程(cheng)。水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)于2001年(nian)7月1日開工(gong)建設(she),2009年(nian)底全(quan)部投產建成。設(she)計蓄水位400m,壩高216.5m,壩*長度是(shi)(shi)836m,庫容(rong)273億m3,裝機容(rong)量630萬kW,年(nian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量187億kWh,分兩期(qi)建設(she)完(wan)成。因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠輸出容(rong)量巨大(da),對社會(hui)有較大(da)影響。為保障(zhang)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質量、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力能(neng)源長期(qi)安(an)全(quan)可靠供應,該(gai)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)逐步對10kV廠用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)綜合保護測控裝置(zhi)進行全(quan)新改(gai)造(zao)。
1 水(shui)電站10kV廠用電系(xi)統簡介
該水(shui)電(dian)站10kV系(xi)統屬(shu)于小(xiao)電(dian)流接地(di)系(xi)統,其接線(xian)形式采用(yong)(yong)多路電(dian)源(yuan)獨立供電(dian)、I~VI段母(mu)(mu)線(xian)互(hu)為(wei)“手拉手”環形備用(yong)(yong)、重要負荷分(fen)(fen)散(san)配(pei)置等特點以(yi)保證供電(dian)的(de)(de)可靠性。整個(ge)10kV廠(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)系(xi)統共(gong)有(you)(you)7段母(mu)(mu)線(xian):I、II、III、IV、V、VI段分(fen)(fen)別(bie)取自(zi)1、2、3、4、5、7號機(ji)組對應的(de)(de)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)側;VII段為(wei)外來電(dian)源(yuan)、保安(an)電(dian)源(yuan)和柴油發電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)引入點,通過(guo)3個(ge)聯(lian)絡(luo)開(kai)關分(fen)(fen)別(bie)作為(wei)10kV的(de)(de)I、III、VI段母(mu)(mu)線(xian)的(de)(de)備用(yong)(yong)電(dian)源(yuan)。廠(chang)內的(de)(de)所有(you)(you)10kV負荷按照分(fen)(fen)散(san)、獨立的(de)(de)原則(ze)均勻分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在I~VI母(mu)(mu)線(xian)上。10kV廠(chang)用(yong)(yong)母(mu)(mu)線(xian)所接設備按負荷性質劃分(fen)(fen)類型為(wei)配(pei)電(dian)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)動機(ji)、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)互(hu)感器、聯(lian)絡(luo)開(kai)關。該水(shui)電(dian)站10kV廠(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)系(xi)統接線(xian)見圖1。
圖1 10kV廠用電接線(xian)
2 10kV廠用電保護換型改(gai)造原(yuan)因(yin)
該電(dian)廠(chang)(chang)10kV廠(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)原綜合(he)(he)(he)保(bao)護測(ce)控裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)采用(yong)(yong)進(jin)口(kou)上海阿海琺MiCOM-P122綜合(he)(he)(he)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi),從2007年(nian)5月(yue)份設備(bei)(bei)投產*今(jin)(jin),運行年(nian)限(xian)較(jiao)長。保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)電(dian)子元器件(jian)(jian)老化(hua)嚴重,保(bao)護光耦開入元件(jian)(jian)損壞比(bi)較(jiao)頻繁,對電(dian)廠(chang)(chang)的安全穩(wen)定生(sheng)產造成影響(xiang)。且廠(chang)(chang)家已不(bu)再生(sheng)產同型號裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的備(bei)(bei)品(pin)備(bei)(bei)件(jian)(jian),只能(neng)購買升*裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)更(geng)換(huan),檢修發(fa)現(xian)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)數據不(bu)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)要求,因(yin)無備(bei)(bei)品(pin)備(bei)(bei)件(jian)(jian),只能(neng)從備(bei)(bei)用(yong)(yong)開關保(bao)護上調換(huan);其自動化(hua)水平不(bu)高(gao),數字化(hua)程度(du)弱,裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)信息(xi)管理不(bu)方便,在(zai)自動化(hua)程度(du)普遍提高(gao)的今(jin)(jin)天已不(bu)能(neng)滿足要求;同時由于設備(bei)(bei)人(ren)機界面和全英(ying)文軟件(jian)(jian)不(bu)夠友好,給運維帶來更(geng)多的繁瑣工作(zuo),降低工作(zuo)效率。綜合(he)(he)(he)考慮以上因(yin)素,有(you)必要對10kV廠(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)綜合(he)(he)(he)保(bao)護測(ce)控系(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行技術改(gai)造。
3 10kV廠用電保護換型改造(zao)要求
開關(guan)(guan)柜(ju)及其(qi)安裝(zhuang)位置(zhi)保(bao)(bao)持不(bu)變(bian),對原(yuan)來所有(you)(you)饋線負荷開關(guan)(guan)、母(mu)聯開關(guan)(guan)、PT柜(ju)綜合保(bao)(bao)護測控裝(zhuang)置(zhi)及內部(bu)二次線纜、端(duan)子排全(quan)部(bu)進行(xing)更換;開關(guan)(guan)柜(ju)面(mian)板根據新(xin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的尺(chi)寸重新(xin)設計改(gai)造;完(wan)成新(xin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)接入(ru)電(dian)力監控系統接線、通信接口地址(zhi)設置(zhi)工作。在改(gai)造過(guo)程中,保(bao)(bao)持原(yuan)有(you)(you)保(bao)(bao)護配置(zhi)不(bu)變(bian)的情(qing)況下,對操作回路等進行(xing)*化。
4 新綜合(he)保護測控裝置設備(bei)的選擇(ze)
新綜合保護(hu)(hu)測(ce)(ce)控裝置(zhi)應集(ji)控制、保護(hu)(hu)、故障錄波、測(ce)(ce)量、信號報警、開關(guan)量采集(ji)、通(tong)訊功能于(yu)一體。以(yi)三(san)段式無方向(xiang)電(dian)流保護(hu)(hu)為核(he)心(xin),配(pei)備線路(lu)參數(shu)的監視及采集(ji)功能,并可通(tong)過通(tong)訊口將測(ce)(ce)量數(shu)據(ju)及保護(hu)(hu)信息上傳電(dian)力監控系(xi)統,方便實現配(pei)網自動化。根據(ju)該水(shui)電(dian)站10kV廠(chang)用電(dian)保護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)換型改(gai)造項目(mu)對**供應商進行公(gong)開招標結果,終選擇采用安科瑞電(dian)氣股份有(you)限公(gong)司生產的AM5SE系(xi)列微(wei)機保護(hu)(hu)測(ce)(ce)控裝置(zhi)。
根據10kV廠用(yong)電母線所(suo)接設備(bei)負荷性(xing)質(zhi)的不(bu)同,進線柜(ju)(ju)采用(yong)AM5SE-F線路(lu)保(bao)護測(ce)控(kong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置、變壓器柜(ju)(ju)采用(yong)AM5SE-T配電變保(bao)護測(ce)控(kong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置、電動機(ji)柜(ju)(ju)采用(yong)AM5SE-M電動機(ji)保(bao)護測(ce)控(kong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置、母聯柜(ju)(ju)采用(yong)AM5SE-B備(bei)自投保(bao)護測(ce)控(kong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置、PT柜(ju)(ju)采用(yong)AM5SE-UB PT監測(ce)并列裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置,各(ge)型號保(bao)護功能如下表所(suo)示:
5 10kV廠用電保(bao)護改造(zao)圖紙設計
新配置(zhi)(zhi)的AM5SE系列微機綜合(he)(he)保護測控裝置(zhi)(zhi)及圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由安科瑞電(dian)氣股份有限公司負責(ze)設(she)(she)計(ji),開關(guan)柜(ju)全部二次回路(lu)原(yuan)理(li)圖(tu)設(she)(she)計(ji)工作(zuo)須(xu)(xu)以(yi)原(yuan)水電(dian)站10kV高壓柜(ju)二次圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為基礎進行圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi),端子排布置(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)該圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)(she)計(ji)為基準(zhun),圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)(she)計(ji)須(xu)(xu)符合(he)(he)相關(guan)規程(cheng)要(yao)求。負荷(he)性質(zhi)相同的圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)(she)計(ji),其端子號、線號等要(yao)求高度統一,有一定的規律。圖(tu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設(she)(she)計(ji)的準(zhun)確性決定著施工調試是否順利和投運(yun)后的安全生產。
6 10kV廠用(yong)電保護換型(xing)改(gai)造過(guo)程
10kV廠用電保(bao)(bao)護換(huan)型改造施(shi)工(gong)須具備施(shi)工(gong)條件:有詳細的施(shi)工(gong)方(fang)案、圖紙;設備管理師完成新(xin)設備的驗收工(gong)作;施(shi)工(gong)人員完成安全教育工(gong)作;工(gong)具、材料(liao)齊備。嚴(yan)格(ge)按照方(fang)案、圖紙進行(xing)施(shi)工(gong),保(bao)(bao)證每一(yi)個環節順利完成。
6.1 10kV廠用電保護硬件改造
10kV廠用電保(bao)護(hu)硬件改造(zao)施工主要(yao)有3個環節:開關柜內端(duan)子(zi)排更換、舊(jiu)綜合保(bao)護(hu)測控(kong)裝置拆除和新綜合保(bao)護(hu)裝置的(de)安裝配線及(ji)線纜整理(li)。
6.1.1 端子排更換
接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)更(geng)換(huan)(huan)需要(yao)注意的(de)問題:接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)需逐一更(geng)換(huan)(huan),要(yao)求(qiu)拆(chai)開一個(ge)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)就(jiu)換(huan)(huan)一個(ge)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi);禁止(zhi)同時拆(chai)開兩個(ge)及(ji)以(yi)上的(de)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)進行更(geng)換(huan)(huan),防(fang)止(zhi)交(jiao)叉接(jie)(jie)錯接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi),造成誤(wu)(wu)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),盡量獨自完成一個(ge)開關(guan)柜內的(de)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)排(pai)更(geng)換(huan)(huan)任務,也(ye)合理(li)防(fang)止(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian);交(jiao)流電(dian)源、直(zhi)流電(dian)源、跳閘回(hui)(hui)路(lu)(lu)、信號回(hui)(hui)路(lu)(lu)等(deng)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)添(tian)加(jia)隔(ge)離片(pian),要(yao)做(zuo)好隔(ge)離,防(fang)止(zhi)竄通回(hui)(hui)路(lu)(lu);端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)間的(de)短(duan)接(jie)(jie)片(pian)要(yao)壓(ya)緊無松(song)動。更(geng)換(huan)(huan)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)排(pai),要(yao)保(bao)證原回(hui)(hui)路(lu)(lu)端(duan)(duan)(duan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)及(ji)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)號保(bao)持不變,下步配線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、查(cha)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)工作才能順利(li)進行。
6.1.2 舊綜合保護測控裝置拆除
根據施工(gong)方案和(he)圖紙,拆除(chu)需廢(fei)除(chu)的(de)元器(qi)件(jian),包(bao)括舊(jiu)綜合保護(hu)測控(kong)裝置、開(kai)關柜內的(de)中(zhong)間繼(ji)電器(qi)、電壓繼(ji)電器(qi)、時間繼(ji)電器(qi)等元器(qi)件(jian),以及(ji)相(xiang)關的(de)二次線(xian)纜。拆除(chu)時注意防止人為損(sun)壞元器(qi)件(jian)、誤拆除(chu)有(you)用(yong)的(de)二次線(xian)纜。整理(li)廢(fei)除(chu)元器(qi)件(jian)并分類,指定局域存放,防止工(gong)作現場一團(tuan)亂,施工(gong)現場應滿足6S要求。
6.1.3 綜合保護測控裝置的安裝配線及線纜整理
由(you)于(yu)新(xin)、舊綜合(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)測(ce)控(kong)(kong)裝(zhuang)置尺(chi)寸不(bu)同,開(kai)關柜面板(ban)上的(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)窗口尺(chi)寸不(bu)符合(he)新(xin)綜合(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)測(ce)控(kong)(kong)裝(zhuang)置的(de)尺(chi)寸,須對開(kai)關柜面板(ban)上的(de)安(an)裝(zhuang)窗口進行(xing)切割開(kai)孔擴大,才能(neng)安(an)裝(zhuang)新(xin)綜合(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)測(ce)控(kong)(kong)裝(zhuang)置,切割時防(fang)止(zhi)刮花面板(ban)。與新(xin)裝(zhuang)置連接(jie)線(xian)(xian)纜應為新(xin)線(xian)(xian)纜,把不(bu)用的(de)線(xian)(xian)纜全部拆除,防(fang)止(zhi)有寄生回路存在。配(pei)線(xian)(xian)時嚴格按照設計圖紙(zhi)進行(xing),防(fang)止(zhi)漏接(jie)、誤(wu)接(jie)、誤(wu)甩(shuai)線(xian)(xian)。新(xin)裝(zhuang)置線(xian)(xian)纜配(pei)線(xian)(xian)應整齊、統一,走線(xian)(xian)合(he)理,便于(yu)檢查和(he)檢修。
6.2 10kV廠用電保護調試
保護(hu)調試(shi)(shi)主要(yao)分4個環節:二次回路查(cha)線、回路功能驗(yan)證、保護(hu)裝(zhuang)置靜態調試(shi)(shi)及傳動試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)。
根(gen)據施(shi)工圖紙認(ren)真核對(dui)(dui)每個(ge)端子(zi)、每根(gen)線號(hao)。著重檢查(cha)CT二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)回(hui)路不(bu)能開路、PT二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)回(hui)路不(bu)能短(duan)路及*性和(he)接(jie)線應(ying)正確(que);檢查(cha)遙測、遙信、遙控等接(jie)線應(ying)正確(que);檢查(cha)直(zhi)流控制回(hui)路無短(duan)路或(huo)接(jie)地、交流電壓回(hui)路LN之間無短(duan)路;測量直(zhi)流控制回(hui)路對(dui)(dui)地*緣電阻滿足(zu)要求(1000V);測量交直(zhi)流回(hui)路是(shi)(shi)否有電互相竄人。值得(de)注意的是(shi)(shi),由(you)于外包單位對(dui)(dui)該(gai)廠(chang)二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)回(hui)路不(bu)熟悉,在改造過程中(zhong)易(yi)漏接(jie)、誤(wu)(wu)接(jie)、誤(wu)(wu)甩線等問題(ti),所以二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)回(hui)路查(cha)線是(shi)(shi)很(hen)關鍵的一項工作,二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)回(hui)路接(jie)線正確(que)與否將影(ying)響(xiang)到主設(she)備(bei)的正常運(yun)(yun)行,若保護(hu)二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)回(hui)路接(jie)線錯誤(wu)(wu),一旦(dan)系(xi)統發生故障,則(ze)可能會使開關拒動或(huo)誤(wu)(wu)動,造成設(she)備(bei)損壞或(huo)影(ying)響(xiang)電力(li)系(xi)統運(yun)(yun)行。
交(jiao)流電壓、直流控制回(hui)路(lu)上電,對各(ge)回(hui)路(lu)功能(neng)進(jin)行驗(yan)證。檢查遙測、遙信(xin)、遙控信(xin)號正確,表計、指(zhi)示燈(deng)、照(zhao)明、加(jia)熱器回(hui)路(lu)正常(chang);開關本(ben)體防跳功能(neng)正確。控制回(hui)路(lu)上電,進(jin)一步驗(yan)證各(ge)回(hui)路(lu)接線(xian)正確無(wu)誤。
保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)靜態(tai)調試是進(jin)行裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)樣檢(jian)(jian)查、定值上(shang)傳核(he)對、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)功能檢(jian)(jian)驗。通過CT二次側加(jia)電流(liu)(liu)、PT柜(ju)端子加(jia)電壓模(mo)擬量的(de)方法檢(jian)(jian)查線路保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)AM5SE-F、變(bian)壓器保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)AM5SE-T、電動(dong)(dong)機保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)AM5SE-M、備自(zi)投裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)AM5SE-B、PT監測(ce)并列裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)AM5SE-UB、電壓表、電流(liu)(liu)表、監控(kong)系統(tong)顯示正(zheng)確,同時驗證交流(liu)(liu)電壓、交流(liu)(liu)電流(liu)(liu)回路相序、相位正(zheng)確。根(gen)據定值單對保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)設置(zhi)(zhi)定值并核(he)對,確保(bao)(bao)定值正(zheng)確。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)功能檢(jian)(jian)驗是通過加(jia)模(mo)擬量驗證AM5SE系列微機保(bao)(bao)護(hu)測(ce)控(kong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)動(dong)(dong)作邏輯和動(dong)(dong)作時間正(zheng)確性,不會(hui)出現(xian)拒(ju)動(dong)(dong)和誤動(dong)(dong),且(qie)動(dong)(dong)作時間應符合要求。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)靜態(tai)調試,確保(bao)(bao)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)能靈(ling)敏地(di)反應故(gu)障,可靠地(di)、快速地(di)發出報(bao)警信(xin)號和跳閘指令。
綜合保護測控裝(zhuang)置(zhi)與電力(li)監(jian)控系統數據連(lian)接(jie)正確,在后臺(tai)能實(shi)時采集(ji)保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)上的(de)運行情況(kuang)、定值、事件記(ji)錄等(deng)信(xin)息。保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)接(jie)入(ru)后臺(tai),提高了繼(ji)保系統的(de)管(guan)理和故障信(xin)息處理的(de)自動化(hua)水平。
傳動(dong)試驗(yan)是模擬保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置采(cai)集到故障(zhang)量(liang),保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置應出口(kou)跳閘(zha)開關以(yi)驗(yan)證裝置保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)邏(luo)輯、跳閘(zha)回路(lu)和信號回路(lu)的正(zheng)確(que)性;以(yi)及驗(yan)證通過上位機操(cao)作能遠方正(zheng)確(que)分(fen)合(he)開關。每套保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置都要做一個完整的傳動(dong)試驗(yan),保(bao)(bao)證每面開關柜保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)邏(luo)輯、保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)出口(kou)跳閘(zha)、遠方分(fen)合(he)開關、信號指示正(zheng)確(que)。
6.3 改造中遇到的問題及*化
新(xin)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)保(bao)護測控(kong)裝置改(gai)造完成后(hou),在(zai)做傳動試驗時發現開關(guan)只能進行一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha),如果再次(ci)(ci)(ci)合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha),只能重啟(qi)控(kong)制電(dian)(dian)源后(hou)才能合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)。通(tong)過分(fen)析(xi)發現斷路器(qi)(qi)(qi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)線(xian)圈內沒(mei)(mei)有(you)常閉點,由于保(bao)護裝置里設置了合(he)(he)(he)(he)保(bao)持繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)以確保(bao)斷路器(qi)(qi)(qi)能夠可靠合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha),此時斷路器(qi)(qi)(qi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)線(xian)圈內由于沒(mei)(mei)有(you)常閉點,在(zai)合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)之(zhi)后(hou)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)斷點形(xing)成,導致合(he)(he)(he)(he)保(bao)持繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)能量無法釋放,以致需重啟(qi),釋放合(he)(he)(he)(he)保(bao)持繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi),才能進行下一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)。經過與斷路器(qi)(qi)(qi)廠家(jia)以及該(gai)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)站相(xiang)關(guan)人員多次(ci)(ci)(ci)溝通(tong),在(zai)合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)線(xian)圈前串入一(yi)組常閉點,從而解決了上述產生的(de)問題。以AM5SE-T變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)護測控(kong)裝置為例,該(gai)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)站改(gai)造的(de)分(fen)合(he)(he)(he)(he)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)回路二次(ci)(ci)(ci)圖如圖2所示(shi)。
圖(tu)2 AM5SE-T分合(he)閘回路二次圖(tu)
7 10kV電力監控系(xi)統改(gai)造
為實(shi)時(shi)監(jian)視整個配(pei)電(dian)室的運(yun)(yun)行以及(ji)數據(ju)采(cai)集(ji),針(zhen)對該水電(dian)站配(pei)置一套(tao)Acrel-2000Z電(dian)力監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong),將微機保護(hu)的數據(ju)上傳*電(dian)力監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong),實(shi)現對10kV變電(dian)站的用(yong)電(dian)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)與管(guan)理,提高自(zi)動(dong)化管(guan)理水平(ping)。其可實(shi)現的主要(yao)功能(neng)如(ru)下:實(shi)時(shi)監(jian)測、電(dian)參量查詢、運(yun)(yun)行報(bao)(bao)表、實(shi)時(shi)報(bao)(bao)警、歷史事件查詢、電(dian)能(neng)統(tong)計報(bao)(bao)表、用(yong)戶權限(xian)管(guan)理、網絡拓撲圖(tu)、電(dian)能(neng)質(zhi)量監(jian)測、遙控(kong)(kong)功能(neng)、通信(xin)管(guan)理、故(gu)障錄波(bo)、事故(gu)追憶、曲線查詢、Web訪(fang)問、APP訪(fang)問。
8 結(jie)語
該水電(dian)站(zhan)10kV廠用電(dian)保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)換型改造(zao),解(jie)決了(le)(le)原綜合保護測(ce)控裝(zhuang)置(zhi)電(dian)子(zi)元器件(jian)老化嚴重、自動(dong)(dong)化水平(ping)低、人(ren)機(ji)(ji)界面(mian)和軟件(jian)不夠友好(hao)、維護工作(zuo)困難等問題。更(geng)換后(hou)的(de)AM5SE系(xi)列微(wei)機(ji)(ji)保護測(ce)控裝(zhuang)置(zhi)更(geng)加功能(neng)(neng)(neng)化和人(ren)性化,裝(zhuang)置(zhi)液晶(jing)更(geng)直(zhi)觀顯示(shi)電(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)流(liu)采樣量以及(ji)各(ge)種事件(jian)記錄;調試軟件(jian)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)強大(da)、易操作(zuo)、易掌(zhang)握、軟件(jian)界面(mian)友好(hao);操作(zuo)回路具有監(jian)視開(kai)關分合閘狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)及(ji)控制回路斷線功能(neng)(neng)(neng);裝(zhuang)置(zhi)面(mian)板指示(shi)燈直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)顯示(shi)了(le)(le)開(kai)關跳(tiao)位(wei)、合位(wei)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai),對于運(yun)行(xing)維護人(ren)員來說更(geng)為直(zhi)觀;配(pei)置(zhi)的(de)AM5SE-M電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)保護測(ce)控裝(zhuang)置(zhi)加入了(le)(le)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)啟動(dong)(dong)中(zhong)/已運(yun)行(xing)的(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)識別(bie),并配(pei)備(bei)有啟動(dong)(dong)中(zhong)過流(liu)一段、運(yun)行(xing)過流(liu)一段、運(yun)行(xing)過流(liu)二段等保護功能(neng)(neng)(neng),解(jie)決了(le)(le)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)啟動(dong)(dong)電(dian)流(liu)較大(da),容(rong)易造(zao)成誤跳(tiao)的(de)問題;保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)配(pei)置(zhi)有RS485通(tong)(tong)信接(jie)(jie)口,各(ge)保護裝(zhuang)置(zhi)之間(jian)通(tong)(tong)過“手(shou)拉手(shou)”將通(tong)(tong)信接(jie)(jie)口連接(jie)(jie),數據送*Acrel-2000Z電(dian)力監(jian)控系(xi)統,方便(bian)查看(kan)保護信息及(ji)故障信息管理。
自10kV廠用電新綜(zong)合保(bao)護(hu)測控(kong)裝置(zhi)換型改造完成投(tou)運(yun)以來,設(she)備運(yun)行(xing)情(qing)況正常。新綜(zong)合保(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)的應(ying)用,保(bao)護(hu)功能全(quan)方(fang)面(mian)、操作界面(mian)友好、運(yun)維方(fang)便,提高了該(gai)水電站廠用電可靠運(yun)行(xing),保(bao)障了該(gai)廠安(an)全(quan)、穩定(ding)生產,具有明顯(xian)意義。
參考文(wen)獻(xian)
[1] NB/T 35010-2013 水力發電廠(chang)繼電保(bao)護(hu)設(she)計規范
[2] DL/T 5164-2002 電廠(chang)廠(chang)用電設計技術規(gui)范
[3] GB/T 50171-2012 電氣裝(zhuang)置安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)程盤、柜及二次(ci)回路接(jie)線施(shi)工(gong)及驗收規(gui)范
[4] 黃錦(jin)新.龍灘水電站10kV廠用電保護裝置改造
[5] 安(an)科瑞用戶(hu)變電站綜合自動(dong)化與運維解決方案.2021.11月版(ban)
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